What is the purpose of a Conceptual Site Model (CSM)?

The purpose of a Conceptual Site Model (CSM) is to describe sources, pathways, and receptors of contamination. A CSM serves as a fundamental tool in environmental assessments, helping stakeholders understand how contaminants may move through the environment and who or what might be adversely affected by this contamination.

By systematically detailing the relationships between the sources of pollution (such as leaking tanks or landfills), the pathways through which these pollutants may travel (like groundwater or air), and the receptors (which could include humans, wildlife, or plant life), a CSM provides a framework for assessing risk. This understanding is crucial for developing appropriate remediation strategies and ensuring that potential impacts are thoroughly evaluated.

In contrast, while visualizing the layout of a contaminated site or quantifying emissions can be important aspects of site assessment and management, they are not the primary purpose of a CSM. Additionally, while outlining regulatory requirements for site cleanup is essential for compliance, it does not capture the holistic understanding of contamination pathways and effects that a CSM does.